Cognitive Neurocomputational Task Reliability and Clinical Applications Consortium: Study 2

In Study 2, investigators will recruit individuals with schizophrenia (SZ) and or schizoaffective disorder (SZA) and healthy controls (HC) using optimized behavioral tasks to replicate the behavioral findings from Study 1 and to assess additional psychometric properties such as test re-test reliability and practice effects. Investigators will obtain data on: A) clinical symptoms, with detailed assessment of hallucinations and delusions; B) community functioning; and C) functional capacity, allowing us to examine clinical validity. To generate a sample with sufficient variation in hallucinations and delusions, investigators will recruit the following groups that balance feasibility with clinical relevance: A) healthy controls \[HC, N=125\]; B) schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder \[SZ/SZA, N=200\]). Investigators anticipate a \~20% screen fail/drop-out rate based upon prior studies. Thus, investigators will run an additional 40 SZ/SZA and 15 HC. Investigators will administer tasks optimized in Aim 1 without electroencephalogram (EEG), to this new sample of individuals with SZ/SZA and HC. All participants will be retested after approximately 28 days and repeat clinical assessments. Although the investigators' goal is to shorten task length using the Study 1 analyses, they will administer longer tasks than optimal for public dissemination in Study 2 to determine the minimum number of trials required for acceptable reliability. Study 2 will use the same clinical and functional measures as Study 1.

Inclusion Criteria: General Inclusion * age 18 to 59 ; * no substance disorder in past six months (confirmed with urine drug screens and breathalyzers); * no clinically significant head injury or neurological disease; * WechslerTest of Adult Reading (WTAR) score =16+. Group Specific Criteria: Schizophrenia/SchizoaffectiveDisorder (SZ/SZA): * Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) diagnosis ofschizophrenia or schizoaffective; * no medication changes in prior month or anticipated in the next month or not taking medications; * outpatient or partial hospital if unmedicated * Healthy Controls (HC): * no Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) - Psychosis or BipolarDisorder; * no family history of psychosis or bipolar Exclusion Criteria: Healthy Controls (HC): * Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5)Psychosis or Bipolar Disorder diagnosis * Family history of psychosis, bipolar, or Schizophrenia/Schizoaffective Disorder (SZ/SZA) additional exclusion criteria for the unmedicated individuals are: * not in acute exacerbation requiring immediate hospitalization or treatment; * self-reported medication non-compliance for at least the four previous weeks * never having started medications