Multimodal Respiratory Physiotherapy in Women Receiving Radiotherapy for Breast Cancer (RESPIRA-BC)

Radiotherapy is an important treatment for breast cancer, but it may affect lung function and physical ability, making everyday activities more difficult. Breathing exercises may help women recover after treatment, although more research is needed. The main aim of this pilot study was to assess whether a four-week respiratory physiotherapy programme was practical and safe for women treated for breast cancer with radiotherapy. The study also explored its potential benefits for lung function, physical ability, physical activity, fatigue and quality of life. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups. Both groups received patient education and an individualised exercise programme. In addition, one group performed breathing exercises at home using two devices: one to encourage deep breathing (incentive spirometry) and another to provide resistance when breathing out (positive expiratory pressure). The study compared both groups to explore whether adding these breathing exercises provided additional benefits.

Inclusion Criteria: * Women with unilateral breast cancer. * Scheduled to undergo breast cancer surgery. * Adjuvant radiotherapy planned as part of oncological treatment. Exclusion Criteria: * Bilateral breast cancer. * Metastatic breast cancer. * Severe cardiorespiratory conditions limiting exercise participation. * Severe neurological conditions limiting exercise participation. * Severe musculoskeletal conditions limiting exercise participation. * Cognitive impairment affecting comprehension of the intervention. * Any other condition preventing completion of the study assessments or intervention