EFFECT OF COMBINED VIRTUAL REALITY-GUIDED BREATHING AND AEROBIC TRAINING ON VENTILATORY FUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH COPD

This Single-blind, randomized controlled trial will evaluate the effects of 12 weeks of combined VR-guided diaphragmatic breathing (Flowborne) and VR-aerobic cycling (Kinneta) compared with conventional pulmonary rehabilitation in male and female patients aged 45-55 years with stable COPD (GOLD Stage II). Both groups will train three times weekly at 65-75% HRmax. Primary outcomes are diaphragmatic excursion and FEV₁, while secondary outcomes include FVC, FEV1/FVC ratio, 6MWT, Borg dyspnea score, smoking index, SpO₂, and CAT score. All outcomes will be assessed at the end of the 12-week intervention.

Inclusion Criteria: * Sixty male patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diagnosed with stable COPD according to GOLD criteria, defined by spirometric evidence of GOLD stage II airflow limitation (FEV₁ ≥50% and \