Spirulina Gel in the Treatment of Periodontitis

This randomized clinical trial aims to evaluate the clinical and immunological effects of locally delivered Spirulina gel as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in patients with Stage II, Grade B periodontitis. The study will include 20 male and female participants aged 25-40 years who will be randomly allocated into two groups. The main questions are whether the addition of Spirulina gel to SRP improves periodontal clinical parameters, particularly probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL), and whether it reduces the levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). Participants in Group A will receive SRP alone, while participants in Group B will receive SRP followed by local application of Spirulina gel into selected periodontal pockets. All participants will undergo periodontal assessments at baseline and 6 months after treatment. Clinical evaluations will include plaque index, gingival index, PPD, and CAL. GCF samples will be collected at baseline, 15 days and 6 months, analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure IL-1β and TNF-α levels. The findings will help determine whether adjunctive local application of Spirulina gel provides additional clinical and immunological benefits compared with SRP alone in the management of Stage II, Grade B periodontitis.

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients diagnosed with stage II periodontitis, grade B * Ability to maintain good oral hygiene as evidenced in recall visits Exclusion Criteria: * A smoking patient with more than 10 cigarettes. * Pregnant and lactating patients. * Patients with systemic conditions that could affect the outcome of periodontal therapy. * Previous periodontal therapy in the last 6 months.